Newton's Second Law of Motion

Newton's Second Law is one of the fundamental principles of classical mechanics. It explains how the motion of an object changes when it is subjected to an external net force.

The law states that the acceleration of an object depends on two variables: the net force acting upon the object and the mass of the object. It is expressed mathematically as:

Where:

• F is the net external force (in Newtons)
• m is the mass (in kilograms)
• a is the acceleration (in meters per second squared)

This means that if you apply more force to an object, its acceleration increases proportionally. Conversely, if the object's mass increases, its acceleration decreases for the same applied force.

Examples of Newton's Second Law can be seen in everyday life, such as pushing a shopping cart (lighter carts accelerate faster than heavier ones with the same push) and vehicles accelerating based on engine force and vehicle mass.